Generated by All in One SEO v5.0.0.1, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site.

# QSHR

Qendra Shqiptare për Riskun

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://qshr.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Të mendojmë e veprojmë sot për ekonominë nesër](https://qshr.org/te-mendojme-e-veprojme-sot-per-ekonomine-neser/) - Kriza, në të cilën është përfshirë vendi, krahas problemeve të shëndetit, ka nxjerrë në plan të parë ekonominë. Ekonomia dhe zhvillimi i saj janë një mekanizëm gjigant, që as ndalohen menjëherë dhe as mund të lëvizin menjëherë. Për zhvillimin e saj duhet menduar shumë seriozisht që sot, nesër do të jetë vonë, shumë vonë. Para
- [Thirrje për pjesëmarrje në Konferencën e Dhjetë të QSHR-ës](https://qshr.org/766-2/) - Bordi Shkencor dhe Bordi Drejtues të Qendrës Shqiptare për Riskun (QSHR), ju bëjnë me dije se fillojnë aplikimet për pjesëmarrjen në KONFERNCËN E DHJETË NDËRKOMBËTARE të organizuar nga QSHR. Konferenca e Dhjetë, do të ketë si temë kryesore: "Menaxhimi i konflikteve dhe i ndryshimit përballë integrimit" Drejtime kryesore te mundshme per te përzgjedhur dhe aplikuar:
- [Njoftimi mbi Konferencën Ndërkombëtare për Ballkanin](https://qshr.org/njoftimi-mbi-konferencen-nderkombetare-per-ballkanin/) - QSHR është bashkëpartnere me organizatorët e Konferencës Ndërkombëtare për Ballkanin. Në vijim vendoset thirrja në gjuhët përkatëse: shqip, fërngjisht dhe anglisht. Veç kësaj këtu gjendet edhe formati standard i materialit për t'u dorëzuar (template). Ju ftojmë të shprehni interesin dhe të merrni pjesë. Çdo aplikim që do të dorëzoni për këtë konferencë, mund ta bëni
- [Thirrje për pjesëmarrje në Konferencën e Nëntë të QSHR-ës](https://qshr.org/thirrje-per-pjesemarrje-ne-konferencen-e-nente-te-qshr-es/) - Bordi Shkencor dhe Bordi Drejtues të Qendrës Shqiptare për Riskun (QSHR) ju bëjnë me dije se fillojnë aplikimet për pjesëmarrjen në KONFERNCËN E NËNTË NDËRKOMBËTARE të organizuar nga QSHR. Konferenca e nëntë, do të ketë si temë kryesore: Rajoni i Ballkanit përballë sfidave të bashkëpunimit dhe të integrimit. Afati për aplikimet është data 26 janar
- [Filizofia e punës në veprën madhore të Sami Frashërit](https://qshr.org/filizofia-e-punes-ne-vepren-madhore-te-sami-frasherit/) - Nga Profesor Sherif BUNDO Puna, veprimtaria njerëzore, është pa dyshim burimi i çdo të mire dhe pasurie. Njërzit e zgjuar, dijetarët e mëdhenj, filozofët e lashtë dhe largpamës, kanë ditur të predikojnë dhe të veçojnë te njeriu, një nga sjelljet dhe gjërat më të çmuara të tij: qëndrimin dhe dashurinë ndaj punës. Diskutimi, për rolin
- [Ftesë e veçantë për pjesëmarrje në konferencën e QSHR](https://qshr.org/ftese-e-vecante-per-pjesemarrje-ne-konferencen-e-qshr/) - Te nderuar miq te Qendres Shqiptare per Riskun, I/e dashur, Se pari, shpreh urimin qe te jeni mire me shendet dhe qe gjithcka qe lidhet me Ju dhe me familjen tuaj tju shkoje mire. Ju uroj njeheresh mbaresi dhe suksese ne karrieren tuaj profesionale. Per mua si pedagog ne Fakultetin e Ekonomise dhe si Drejtues
- [Risitë, sfidat dhe disa refleksione mbi pasqyrat e reja financiare](https://qshr.org/risite-sfidat-dhe-disa-refleksione-mbi-pasqyrat-e-reja-financiare/) - Referimi i Presidentit të QSHR, Sherif BUNDO, në Konferencën Kombëtare të organizuar nga Këshilli Kombëtar i Kontabilitetit, data 07 qershor 2016 Për një profesionist kontabiliteti dhe për çdo studiues dhe njohës të mirë të kësaj fushe, që udhëhiqet në punën dhe veprimtarinë e përditshme nga parime të shënjta morale dhe profesionale, zhvillimet në fushën e
- [The challenges of regional Development in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-challenges-of-regional-development-in-albania/) - Manjola Duli Abstract Regional development (RD) policy in Albania for several years has been an important issue discussed from the government and local experts in the framework of national economic development. RD is a cross-cutting policy. It permeates all sectors and aspects of development in a given set of territories. The current approach to regional development
- [A two-week period for application](https://qshr.org/a-two-week-period-for-application/) - Dear all, As you are informed, in mid October 2015 QSHR, in cooperation with a number of European organizations and scientific research, has organized the VII International Conference. The topic and conditions of participation in the VII Conference are made known to all, while the application period and the confirmation of the participating papers has
- [THIRRJE PËR PJESËMARRJE në Konferencën VII të QSHR-së](https://qshr.org/thirrje-per-pjesemarrje-ne-konferencen-vii-te-qshr-se/) - Të nderuar bashkëpunëtorë, Bordi Shkencor dhe Bordi Drejtues të Qendrës Shqiptare për Riskun (QSHR), ju bëjnë me dije se fillojnë aplikimet për pjesëmarrjen në KONFERNCËN E SHTATË NDËRKOMBËTARE të organizuar nga QSHR. Konferenca e VII, e cila do të organizohet në bashkëpunim me Universitetin e Poitiers (Francë), Fakultetin e Ekonomisë të UT dhe me Fakultetin
- [Progressive taxation on personal income](https://qshr.org/progressive-taxation-on-personal-income/) - Alban ULQINI & Gledia KOKOSHI Abstract With recent changes in the fiscal package entered into force on 1 January 2014 the personal income tax on salaries and other employment-related remunerations has changed from a flat tax of 10% to a progressive tax. Despite the short time that the progressive tax on income from employment is reapplied in Albania, there are
- [Deformimet e tregut dhe abuzimi me lirinë ekonomike](https://qshr.org/deformimet-e-tregut-dhe-abuzimi-me-lirine-ekonomike/) - Sherif BUNDO, Profesor i financave
- [A duhet të mbajë përgjegjësi materiale drejtuesi?](https://qshr.org/a-duhet-te-mbaje-pergjegjesi-materiale-drejtuesi-2/) - Sherif Bundo, Profesor
- [THIRRJE PËR PJESËMARRJE - Konf. VI](https://qshr.org/thirrje-per-pjesemarrje-konf-vi/) - English version of Conference Call for Papers here. Të nderuar bashkëpunëtorë, Bordi Shkencor dhe Bordi Drejtues të Qendrës Shqiptare për Riskun (QSHR), ju bëjnë me dije se fillojnë aplikimet për pjesëmarrjen në KONFERNCËN E GJASHTË NDËRKOMBËTARE të organizuar nga QSHR. Konferenca e VI, e cila do të organizohet në bashkëpunim me Universitetin e Poitiers (Francë),
- [THIRRJE PËR PJESËMARRJE - Konf. V](https://qshr.org/thirrje-v/) - Qendra Shqiptare për Riskun bën thirrje për pjesëmarrje në KONFERENCËN E PESTË NDËRKOMBËTARE Ohër, Maqedoni, tetor 2013 Qendra Shqiptare për Riskun, ju njofton se ka filluar procesi i aplikimit për pjesëmarrjen në Konferencën e V ndërkombëtare me temë: "Sa në harmoni janë zhvillimet ekonomike dhe shoqërore rajonale me kërkesat e integrimit në BE?" Partnerë (në
- [Më të kujdesshëm në fushën e financave publike](https://qshr.org/kujdes-me-financat-publike/) - Nga Sherif BUNDO Profesor i financave në Universitetin e Tiranës Opinioni publik ka përjetuar për gati një vit emocionet e një debati të mirëfilltë politik, me intensitet shumë të lartë në muajt e fushatës, një nga epiqendrat e të cilit ka qënë diskutimi me përmbajtje të mirëfilltë financiare, lidhur me preferencën për sistemin tatimor: proporcional
- [Mirë se erdhët!](https://qshr.org/mire-se-erdhet/) - Mirë se erdhët në faqen zyrtare të QSHR.

## Pages

- [Mirë se erdhët](https://qshr.org/) - Mirë se erdhët në faqen zyrtare të Qendrës Shqiptare për Riskun! Në këtë faqe do të mund të gjeni informacion lidhur me atë që zhvillon dhe organizon kjo qendër. Përdorni menutë për të lundruar sipas interesit tuaj. Dëshirojmë të ju ftojmë të njiheni me ne, të ndiqni njoftimet tona, të merrni pjesë në aktivitetet që
- [Publikime](https://qshr.org/publikime/) - QSHR-ja po merr përsipër të ofrojë një kontribut modest edhe në literaturë duke pëmbledhur dhe publikuar kërkimet shkencore të pjesëmarrësve. Kjo faqe shërben në rolin e një databaze për literaturën e krijuar. Për lehtësi kemi bërë grupimin e punimeve sipas konferencave të zhvilluara. Gjeni punimin që ju intereson. Konferenca e Nëntë Ndërkombëtare për Riskun The
- [Vocational education in Albania: key findings and challenges](https://qshr.org/vocational-education-in-albania-key-findings-and-challenges/) - Jona Bezati Professional education in Albania is experiencing a deep and radical change. The current government announced the vocational education as the key of the reform the education system in Albania is currently undergoing. According to the government announced the vocational education “Albania 2020”, which shall cover a share of at least 30% of the
- [Balkan countries and their market of private investment funds: Unraveling the challenges of this trending topic](https://qshr.org/balkan-countries-and-their-market-of-private-investment-funds-unraveling-the-challenges-of-this-trending-topic/) - Marela ISUFI & Era ÇELMETA Balkan countries are within themselves in a constant stream of financial development. Non-banking financial institutions (NBFI) play a key role in our modern financial markets. With our study, we will navigate through the reasons why is the development of this market so essential for the Balkan countries and for our
- [Sharing Economy in Albania. Case of Airbnb](https://qshr.org/sharing-economy-in-albania-case-of-airbnb/) - Armela YMERI, Bojken EREBARA, Selim BLLIKU & Xhuljan VRAPI The expansion of fame and the use of the Internet has paved the way for various alternatives to the exchange of goods and services by individuals, but also by the most powerful businesses and corporations. On the other hand, the use of computers and other technological
- [Why is Outsourcing in Albania so fast improving?](https://qshr.org/why-is-outsourcing-in-albania-so-fast-improving/) - Ermela DERMYSHI, Iva GJINOLLARI & Xhonsila HOXHA During the last decades Albania is transformed to a very important and appropriate country for information technology development. This transformation is clearly appeared in the increasing of outsourcing industry. Throughout this paper we tend to explain the importance, the benefits and the impacts of this industry both in
- [Challenges of agricultural entities in financial reporting. Case of Albania](https://qshr.org/challenges-of-agricultural-entities-in-financial-reporting-case-of-albania/) - Xhelentiona Mullaymeri, Ervi Kosta & Anxhela Bakiasi Agriculture sector remains an engine of Albania’s economic growth, statistical data indicates that agriculture accounts for as much as 20% of GDP or in employment about 50% of the active power. According to data published from INSTAT in 2016 the number of registered economic units was 321,358, where
- [Technical analysis of foreign exchange markets. Albanian Lek currency pairs](https://qshr.org/technical-analysis-of-foreign-exchange-markets-albanian-lek-currency-pairs/) - Blisard ZANI, Elda RRAFMANI, Klaudia LILA & Sirius LASKU Today’s financial markets are probably the most important part of all economies and developed countries. Markets that move along most of the capital and cash flows are foreign exchange markets, with a daily turnover of about $2.8 billion. There are two main types of analysis: technical
- [Disaster risk in Western Balkan countries, focusing on the financial risk of floods](https://qshr.org/disaster-risk-in-western-balkan-countries-focusing-on-the-financial-risk-of-floods/) - Enxhi LIRZA & Rozeta PEPA The disaster risk is a complex risk for the Western Balkan countries as the historical data shows high frequency and large damages mostly from floods and earthquakes. In 2014 because of sudden events of floods in all Western Balkans, the disaster risk became a more treated subject. Still, we see
- [Euroisation and its impact on Albanian economy compared to nearby countries](https://qshr.org/euroisation-and-its-impact-on-albanian-economy-compared-to-nearby-countries/) - Klesenda ZAÇE & Nurieda METKO The usage of foreign currency is a widespread phenomenon in most of the Balkan countries, as well in Albania. The phenomenon comes along with the adaption of the domestic currency from Lek to Euro in our case. Analyzing euroisation process as an occurrence, we can face both sides of its
- [Tourism  impact on economy growth - the case of Albania, Montenegro, Macedonia, Kosovo and Croatia](https://qshr.org/tourism-impact-on-economy-growth-the-case-of-albania-montenegro-macedonia-kosovo-and-croatia/) - Ina PAGRIA, Aurora HOXHA & Mirjeta SULA Basing on the fact that tourism is one of the most important sectors that contributes to the growth of economic activity all over the world we decided to consider and appreciate the impact of this industry in four countries: Albania, Montenegro, Macedonia, Kosovo and Croatia. Certainly from all
- [Foreign exchange rates and  their connection to macroeconomic indicators in Albania](https://qshr.org/foreign-exchange-rates-and-their-connection-to-macroeconomic-indicators-in-albania/) - Elona KECI (FEJZAJ), Ervin DOKU & Egra IBRAHIMI Foreign exchange rates are an important indicator of a country’s economy. They can serve to signal economic crises or even prevent them if the adopted regime allows their fluctuation to stay within the boundaries of a given countryThere are many theories on exchange rate regimes and qualitative
- [Vulnerability of Albanians to Fall for Investment Scams](https://qshr.org/vulnerability-of-albanians-to-fall-for-investment-scams/) - Arta SINAMATI Investment fraud has been around for as long as there has been a marketplace. With millions of Leks lost in many years to millions of victims, fraud is a pressing concern. Albania’s fate seems tied to 1997’s pyramid schemes, the most infamous widespread fraud that caused to the country tremendous negative economic impacts
- [Impact of capital structure on banks performance (case study Albanian banks)](https://qshr.org/impact-of-capital-structure-on-banks-performance-case-study-albanian-banks/) - Dori RISILIA, Gerta GOGO & Melita ZHERRI The capital structure is referred to a company’s outstanding debt and equity. It allows a firm to understand what kind of funding the company uses to finance its overall activities and growth. In other words, it shows the proportions of senior debt, subordinated debt and equity (common or
- [Leases: IFRS 16 and its effects](https://qshr.org/leases-ifrs-16-and-its-effects/) - Gledia KOKOSHI & Ardi SUKAJ IFRS 16: Leases has been published by the International Accounting Standards Board and it comes into effect on 1 January 2019. The main changes in the accounting treatment between the existing accounting treatments and the new standard will be discussed in the first part of the paper. Any company which
- [The Capital Structure Determinants (Case of furniture production enterprises in Albania)](https://qshr.org/the-capital-structure-determinants-case-of-furniture-production-enterprises-in-albania/) - Albana Gjoni (Karameta), Florinda Zherri & Flutura Kalemi Determining capital structure for business is very important for achieving success, especially when talking for the small and medium enterprises (SME). This paper aims to study capital structure determination for furniture production enterprises in Albania. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the theory proposed
- [Risk assessment as a professional discipline and risk management in public institutions](https://qshr.org/risk-assessment-as-a-professional-discipline-and-risk-management-in-public-institutions/) - Eralda ALHYSA, Fabiola LLAKA & Arjana LLESHAJ Risk assessment, risk management - has been transformed into an independent professional discipline. It brings its theories and principles, which are very important to be understood and taken into account during the implementation of the Risk Assessment. In public institutions risk assessment and management has a specific importance
- [The success of territorial reform implementation in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-success-of-territorial-reform-implementation-in-albania/) - Bora Isaku & Halit Xhafa The purpose of this paper is to analyze the “success” of the territorial reform implementation three years after this project was initiated. The territorial reform was one of the most discussed and reputable reform launched with the main function of a better democratic governance and management of the local budget.
- [Informal economy in Albania](https://qshr.org/informal-economy-in-albania/) - Drilona MULAJ, Brunilda DURAJ & Greta NDREU The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the level of the informal sector in Albania’s economy, to analyze factors that favor the emergence and development of this phenomenon as well as a comparative analysis with the countries of the region, concluding with some recommendations on how
- [The role of corruption in economic growth and public debt](https://qshr.org/the-role-of-corruption-in-economic-growth-and-public-debt/) - Klodian MUÇO & Marsida VISHKURTI According to Kaufmann (2010), public officials tend to stimulate large investments in infrastructure. This is achieved with an increase in public spending and debt growth. Corruption, according to him, causes an increase in debt stock and consequently increases the costs for future debt repayment. All of this can often lead
- [The risk of material responsibility of decision making of a manager](https://qshr.org/the-risk-of-material-responsibility-of-decision-making-of-a-manager/) - Sherif BUNDO, Gerdi LITO Abstract The responsibility of public managers has been not a real topic of discussion in research papers. In our discussion, we focus on a special issue regarding the responsibility of public managers: should they pay from they own pocket for wrong decisions? We focus our attention on a huge problem of public administration, incorrect firing of
- [Evaluation of Operational and Market Risk in Albanian banking sector](https://qshr.org/evaluation-of-operational-and-market-risk-in-albanian-banking-sector/) - Halit Xhafa & Bora Isaku The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the models used by the Albanian Banks to estimate the operational and market risk, by being focus in the restriction of the applied models. The two main pillars of this paper are Operational and Market risk. The actual procedure
- [Investigation of economic crime](https://qshr.org/investigation-of-economic-crime/) - Aldona Doku, Blerta Shehu, Ermir Hoxha, Lorena Doku & Silvia Meto Emerging technologies are impacting essentially global economies in evey aspect, particullary accelerating the development of every sector of the economy. Recently, due to all the facilities offered by innovative technolgies to humanity, many processes are alleviated at the point that merely with a few clicks everything becames
- [Performance determinants of the higher education institutions in Albania: public vs. private](https://qshr.org/performance-determinants-of-the-higher-education-institutions-in-albania-public-vs-private/) - Dafina CENAJ & Edmond ÇERA The aim of this study is to understand the determinants of the performance of the higher education institution in Albania. In Albania operate public and private higher education institutions, 15 and 23, respectively. In this study it is used the factor analysis and the reliability analysis. According to the factor
- [ERP influence on business performance: conceptual framework and literature review](https://qshr.org/erp-influence-on-business-performance-conceptual-framework-and-literature-review/) - Besiana Lika, Eriselda Sefa & Gisjana Tahiri As a single system, ERP is designed to integrate data and processes of an organization, including the important parts of its business. In this paper we provide a review of literature regarding the influence of ERP on business performance. The positive impact of ERP can be classified into
- [The practical use of Monte Carlo Method in the Regional management within the construction industry in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-practical-use-of-monte-carlo-method-in-the-regional-management-within-the-construction-industry-in-albania/) - Arsjola DODOVECI & Elena BARDHAJ Albania as a country Construction strive to develop new business segments in the national market as a result of construction activity in Albania regressive. All these factors require the installation of an efficient system of risk management for the company’s capital. Although shortages in case of risk management are identifiable
- [The role of leadership, entrepreneurship and innovation in performance of smes in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-role-of-leadership-entrepreneurship-and-innovation-in-performance-of-smes-in-albania/) - Adela SHESHI & Donika KËRÇINI The necessity of opening new jobs is very crucial in Albania, so the next decade can be more proactive in reducing the number of unemployed individuals. Promoting entrepreneurship and creating new businesses, are key factors for this excessive working population. Moreover, knowing that entrepreneurship, in particular (SMEs), tends to be innovative, this
- [The recognition of PIFC system principles as an imperatival condition for its implementation](https://qshr.org/the-recognition-of-pifc-system-principles-as-an-imperatival-condition-for-its-implementation/) - Ariana KONOMI The modern financial management and control system, as one of the pillars of PIFC, is considered as a system that plays an indispensable role in fulfilling the objectives of the organization, agency or institution. Regarding the importance of this system as one of the main pillars of Internal Public Financial Control in 2011,
- [Independence of internal auditors at public sector](https://qshr.org/independence-of-internal-auditors-at-public-sector/) - Bojken Erebara, Eneida Ibrahimi, Ervisa Luca & Xhuljan Vrapi The focus of this study is about internal auditors independence by taking public institutions as a study case. The methodology used is qualitative, with the aim of getting deeper conclusion and to monitor the way how the auditor thinks and judge the phenomenon. Fistly is used the method of
- [The DuPont model applied in Albanian banking system](https://qshr.org/the-dupont-model-applied-in-albanian-banking-system/) - Lorena Pashollari, Griselda Madani, Olta Mjekra & Zelejana Mele In today’s dynamic business environment, it is important for companies to be prepared for any unexpected event. For credit executives it is part of their job issues like: strategic financial planning, measuring the success of a business strategy or determining the viability of an acquisition candidate. The DuPont
- [The simplicity and efficiency of tax structures in western Balkans: Comparative Analysis](https://qshr.org/the-simplicity-and-efficiency-of-tax-structures-in-western-balkans-comparative-analysis/) - Marsida Kalemaj & Mithat Ejupi Fiscal policies are means and ways by which government regulates the level of public expenditure and income to monitor and influence the economy of his country. Two main features of the tax system are simplicity and efficiency. The tax system should be simple, so simple in means more computation and
- [Personal budgeting indicated by individual characteristics](https://qshr.org/personal-budgeting-indicated-by-individual-characteristics/) - Xhonsila Hoxha The financial state and the stability of a family are depended by the way people manage their incomes and expenses. Every person has his own way of managing their revenues which are depending from many factors such as demographic, social and psychological. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the process of
- [The implementation of IAS 39 in the banking sector in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-implementation-of-ias-39-in-the-banking-sector-in-albania/) - Albana Gjoni, Flutura Kalemi & Egra Ibrahimi The role of accounting has changed during the past 10 years and its writing language has done the same. Since 2005, first date of implementing international accounting standards and the international financial reporting standards, the accounting and financial reporting world has been part of a dynamic transformation which involves
- [Financial Markets Relation in the Southwestern Balkan Region](https://qshr.org/financial-markets-relation-in-the-southwestern-balkan-region/) - Gerta GOGO & Gentjan ÇERA The countries of Southwest Balkan Region have a similar story of economic transition. After the fall of the communist regime all these countries tried to establish a free market economy. These countries haven’t a full cooperation between each other. They adhere to join the EU. For this reason, each of
- [Economic dependence from a single partner: Case of Albania](https://qshr.org/economic-dependence-from-a-single-partner-case-of-albania/) - Eda HIDA, Erla Kadiu & Jona Bezati This paper analyzes on how Albania is exposed from possible backdrop in the Italian Economy and because of that, how Albania is also politically disadvantaged, when seeking reciprocity with Italy. As Barry Goldwater memorably put it, “A government big enough to give you everything you want is big
- [The banking sector performance analysis in the actual phase of financial development](https://qshr.org/the-banking-sector-performance-analysis-in-the-actual-phase-of-financial-development/) - Anxhela AVRAMUSHI & Iva GJINOLLARI The study aims to examine the bank’s performance in the current financial development stage. Through theoretical arguments and empirical evaluation is presented the financial situation of banking system in Albania. Bank’s performance evaluation is supposed to be given through multiple regressive econometric model, under which are identified the factors that
- [The impact of interest rate and bank size in bank’s earnings in Albania](https://qshr.org/the-impact-of-interest-rate-and-bank-size-in-banks-earnings-in-albania/) - Dori Risilia, Ina Pagria & Elvis Mehmeti Banks are one of the biggest financial institutions and their financial stability is very important. But as any other institution and company, banks face a lot of risk. One of the most important risks that they face is interest rate risk. The purpose of this research is to
- [Role of Customs Duties in the Formation of Budget Revenues in Albania](https://qshr.org/role-of-customs-duties-in-the-formation-of-budget-revenues-in-albania/) - MSc. Elena BARDHAJ Abstract The liberalization of the European Union, ranging from trade exchange, along with a vigorous reform of the exchange rate, seeks a review deep system of customs duties, as well as the role (the impact) of this category of tax in creating budgetary resources. This study examines the impact of the duties in
- [Correlation between the regional and national economy in Albania](https://qshr.org/correlation-between-the-regional-and-national-economy-in-albania/) - M.Sc. Arsjola DODOVECI Abstract During the past two decades or more emphasis on regional economic development theory has shifted from the emphasis on endogenous factors exogenous to them. Traditional approaches to regional economic development are established in the theory of neoclassical economic growth. New approaches, recognizing that development is framed by exogenous factors, we recognize a
- [Role of Human Resources in Public Administration in Kosovo](https://qshr.org/role-of-human-resources-in-public-administration-in-kosovo/) - Fadil OSMANI, PhDc, Mustafë Javori, M.Sc & Kushtrim Gashi, M.Sc Abstract Public Administration as one of the key segments whereby the relationship between state, civil society and citizens are realized in Kosovo needs to be reformed. The fact that about EUR 13 million of the budget are estimated to be spent within a year only for wages of
- [Social insurances in Albania in critical position. Berati region](https://qshr.org/social-insurances-in-albania-in-critical-position-berati-region/) - Xhonsila HOXHA Abstract Social insurance is part of social protection, who aim to make the allocation of incomes to people whom their incomes are getting low. The main problem that the directors of the pension system face with in our country is the high cost that this system has in the government budget. With the amounts
- [Transfer pricing regulations and the impact on the economy ](https://qshr.org/transfer-pricing-regulations-and-the-impact-on-the-economy/) - Alban ULQINI, M.Sc. & Gledia KOKOSHI, M.Sc. Abstract The main focus of this paper is to analyze the Transfer Pricing (TP) legislation applicable in Albania. The paper will identify will make a comparison between the provisions of Albanian TP legislation with other practices in Europe. The paper intends to give a brief outline of the subject of
- [The impact of budget deficit on inflation](https://qshr.org/the-impact-of-budget-deficit-on-inflation/) - Albana GJONI (KARAMETA), PhD, Holta KORA (BAKO), PhD & Flutura KALEMI, Prof. Dr. Abstract Policymakers from time to time are concerned about the relationship between government budget deficits and inflation. The concerning effect is that the government will try to finance its deficits by borrowing or by printing money. There seems to be a relationship between a large
- [Reformation and the main policies and administration of the public sector. The case of Albania](https://qshr.org/reformation-and-the-main-policies-and-administration-of-the-public-sector-the-case-of-albania/) - Ariana Konomi & Alketa Bejko Abstract Conversion of many companies from centralized economy to a market economy was achieved through an intermediate process known as transition process. This intermediate stage serves to transform the economic and political system in order to respond to the needs of the market economy. The aim of this paper (part of my
- [Bank efficiency analysis: A production DEA approach under CRS](https://qshr.org/bank-efficiency-analysis-a-production-dea-approach-under-crs/) - Erjola BARBULLUSHI Abstract For performance evaluation purposes of an economic entity, one should consider different aspects of its activity. In case of banks this objective is quite difficult since they offer a wide range of services and the activities performed are such complex. Researchers all over the world have adopted different approaches and techniques for bank
- [Investment portfolio of insurance companies: its management and comperative analyses](https://qshr.org/investment-portfolio-of-insurance-companies-its-management-and-comperative-analyses/) - Besiana Lika & Gisjana Tahiri Abstract This paper focuses on identifying the main items that compose the investment portfolio of insurance companies. These items are analyzed specifically for all insurance companies in Albania, Bulgaria and member states of European Insurance and Reinsurance Federation. In order to address these issues, the methodology used focus on processing the secondary
- [Capital Adequacy in the Albanian Banking Sector: Short run forecasting through the ARIMA Approach](https://qshr.org/capital-adequacy-in-the-albanian-banking-sector-short-run-forecasting-through-the-arima-approach/) - Gentjan Çera, Edmond Çera & Edlira Dashi Abstract Capital adequacy is one of the main indicators of the banking system health and provides insight on the risk levels the banks face in their daily market operations. Therefore, it is important to study the capital adequacy ratio for the banks operating in the Albanian market and forecast this indicator
- [The new territorial reform and the need to revise the intergovernmental fiscal transfers](https://qshr.org/the-new-territorial-reform-and-the-need-to-revise-the-intergovernmental-fiscal-transfers/) - Fran BRAHIMI, Prof. Ass. Dr, Elton STAFA, MSc & Mariel FRROKU, MSc Abstract While developed countries continue to deepen responsibility devolution, developing countries strive to increase local autonomy, challenging therefore centralized decision making monopoly. Intergovernmental transfers and largely unconditional grants constitute a major source of financing for local governments. In Albania, historically, unconditional grants counted for about 70%
- [Determinants of non Performing Loans in Albania 2000-13](https://qshr.org/determinants-of-non-performing-loans-in-albania-2000-13/) - Olsiana Fekaj & Lorena Kurti Abstract Nonperforming loans were one of the most serious obstacles that banks in the transition countries faced. They are still present in many transitional places. If in the first period of transition the causes of nonperforming loans were mainly in the inefficiency of state owned banks and enterprises, now the attention
- [Internal Audit in the Local Government in the Light of the Recent Administrative Reform](https://qshr.org/internal-audit-in-the-local-government-in-the-light-of-the-recent-administrative-reform/) - Kesjana HALILI Internal audit function worldwide has received increasing attention, as an important component of public internal financial control and as a management tool for improving public sector performance. As a number of changes are currently taking place in the local governance in Albania, there is no doubt that internal audit function within municipalities, has
- [Measuring the news impact on EUR/ALL exchange rate volatility using TGARCH model](https://qshr.org/measuring-the-news-impact-on-eurall-exchange-rate-volatility-using-tgarch-model/) - Gentjan ÇERA, Eda DOKLE & Edmond ÇERA
- [Rreth nesh](https://qshr.org/rreth-nesh/) - ÇFARË ËSHTË QSHR-ja? Qendra Shqiptare për Riskun (QSHR) është një qendër kërkimore dhe shkencore, me statusin e një njësie jo fitimprurëse. E regjistruar sipas legjislacionit shqiptar dhe që funksionon si një bërthamë kërkimore, shkencore, eksperimentuese dhe parashikuese. CILI ËSHTË FOKUSI DHE SI FUNSIONON? Ajo ka në fokusin e saj problemet e zhvillimit ekonomik aktual dhe
- [Counterfeit parts of vehicles – invisible risk for insurance companies](https://qshr.org/counterfeit-parts-of-vehicles-invisible-risk-for-insurance-companies/) - Viktor HAJDARI Abstract In the Albanian media are often the problems encountered in connection with motor insurance market, focusing damage payments, damage-prime reports, court decisions on these issues etc. And that, for reasons of the part that makes motor insurance in total insurance in Albania. It is a fact that in many treatises analysts of financial markets in Albania or experts
- [Improving and increasing the efficiency of public sector](https://qshr.org/improving-and-increasing-the-efficiency-of-public-sector/) - Ola BREGO & Teuta MUSARAJ Abstract Efficiency in the public sector is considered as one of the most important indicators of good governance. The new managerial practices tent to pay more attention on how to improve and increase the public sector’s efficiency by using different tools. We focus on literature review to give a general overview on the current situation and
- [Life insurance in Albania: market performance and consumer perception](https://qshr.org/life-insurance-in-albania-market-performance-and-consumer-perception/) - Besiana LIKA & Lorena KURTI Abstract Life insurance sector is one of the most important sectors of the economy. Life insurance is a form of financial protection of human in case of different risks. The life insurance market in Albania is still in an early stage of evaluation and underdeveloped comparing to the region countries. The main purpose of this paper
- [Social insurances in Albania in critical position](https://qshr.org/social-insurances-in-albania-in-critical-position/) - Drita LUZO (KLLAPI), Zamira VEIZI, Irena BOBOLI & Lorenc KOCIU Abstract The transition process of Albania from the centralized system on the free market system and the adoption of the new system still continue to have great difficulties. Many of these difficulties consist in decision making and implementation of various reforms in the economic, social, political field. Although many reforms have resulted successful,
- [Decision making in Insurance Policies](https://qshr.org/decision-making-in-insurance-policies/) - Burim MEHMETI & Lum GJIKOLLI Abstract The sad fact is that many people who do not have health insurance simply don’t get the medical care they need. That’s because they may be worried about the cost. It may also be because they don’t have access to the best resources. One of the key benefits of health insurance is access to
- [Application of Markov Chain in the insurance market in Albania using the computer’s program: (VoseMarkovSample)](https://qshr.org/application-of-markov-chain-in-the-insurance-market-in-albania-using-the-computers-program-vosemarkovsample/) - Arsjola DODOVECI & Elena BARDHAJ Abstract In random process, the outcome of a given experiment can affect the outcome of the next experiment. This kind of process is called Markovian Chain. There are several ways to study models with many periods dependent on how time is measured. In general terms, financial models can be divided into two families, discrete time model
- [Towards a model for environmental accounting – case of Albania](https://qshr.org/towards-a-model-for-environmental-accounting-case-of-albania/) - Rajmonda BIRACAJ, Albana JUPE & Alda TAKA Abstract Environmental issues are now in focus of corporate performance requiring not only the respecting of rules on environment but as well reflecting the cost of environmental damages during the financial reporting. The current financial accounting practices do not cover all the environmental cost caused from the companies. As result a new field of accounting
- [Stakeholder Networking: Sustainable Community Development in Emerging Countries](https://qshr.org/stakeholder-networking-sustainable-community-development-in-emerging-countries/) - Victor A. MAH & Gordon BOWEN Abstract It is currently estimated that over 40% of community-driven development projects are not properly functioning in developing countries despite several efforts made by international development agencies such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) to drive local communities into being self-reliant. This paper argues that coordination of resources between and among communities at
- [Good-management financial practices in the context of regional development strategies implementation](https://qshr.org/good-management-financial-practices-in-the-context-of-regional-development-strategies-implementation/) - Ariana KONOMI, Alketa BEJKO & Daniela QIQI Abstract Despite the state intervention in order to achieve equality in life standards, there are still a lot of differences in regional development. In these circumstances it is required to analyze and discover trends and think creatively about the ways of forming appropriate policies that will put aside these differences. In our paper we will
- [Internet banking adoption in the emerging markets: the case of Kosovo](https://qshr.org/internet-banking-adoption-in-the-emerging-markets-the-case-of-kosovo/) - Wilson OZUEM & Yllka AZEMI Abstract A number of theoretical and empirical evidences focus on business models of innovations diffusion from developed countries, where pre-existing product technologies are modified and disseminated into developing countries mass markets. This has prompted some questions on its nature and understanding in developing countries like Kosovo. Assessing modernist and post-modernist perspectives through phenomenological hermeneutics and a capability
- [Non Performing Loans restrict economic growth of our country](https://qshr.org/non-performing-loans-restrict-economic-growth-of-our-country/) - Zamira VEIZI, Robert ÇELO, Irena BOBOLI & Drita LUZO Abstract In the recent years a high growth of nonperforming loans is noticed in Albanian banking system mainly as a result of the global financial crisis and due to external and internal factors. In this paper we will address two important problems: The first has to do with the quality of
- [Macroeconomic situation and quality indicators of loan portofolio, its econometric analysis](https://qshr.org/macroeconomic-situation-and-quality-indicators-of-loan-portofolio-its-econometric-analysis/) - Esmeralda DOÇI, Dori RISILIA & Ina PAGRIA Abstract Financial system stemming several types of risks, which arise as a result of its interaction with the surrounding economic environment and of his own activity, which affects the growth of Credit Risk and a possible decline in the profitability of the banking sector. However, continued efforts are made to building empirical models,
- [Non-economic factors that affect non performing loans in the banking system in Albania](https://qshr.org/non-economic-factors-that-affect-non-performing-loans-in-the-banking-system-in-albania/) - Gisjana TAHIRI Abstract Banks serve as a catalyst for the economy by sharing funds from surplus resources to deficit ones. Failure in managing loans lead to the episode of the high level of nonperforming loans. A non-performing loan is any loan on which interest and principal payments are not paid in more than 90 days. The main purpose of this
- [The efficiency of Central Bank monetary policies and its role in economic growth](https://qshr.org/the-efficiency-of-central-bank-monetary-policies-and-its-role-in-economic-growth/) - Klodian MUÇO, Arjola MITAJ & Ermonela RUSPI Abstract The debate between monetarists and Keynesians is related to the possibility that economic policy authorities, have to modify the level of employment and production. Friedman in (1968) affirms that the attempt to maintain artificially low interest and employment rates was destined to fail as a result of excessive monetary expansion. While
- [Evaluation of tax knowledge in Albania](https://qshr.org/evaluation-of-tax-knowledge-in-albania/) - Bora ISAKU Abstract This study is focused on the level of individual Albanian taxpayers knowledge, exploring how this factor of tax moral affect tax compliance behavior. So, the aim of the paper is to create a profile of tax knowledge and then asses the effect that this factor has stance against tax liability. Paper emphasizes the importance of this topic
- [How important are Performance Management Systems to achieve outstanding financial results](https://qshr.org/how-important-are-performance-management-systems-to-achieve-outstanding-financial-results/) - Bernd THOMMES, Gordon BOWEN Abstract During the research of for a thesis on performance management systems in connection with the theory of constraints a disconnect between literature and the practice caught interest. The researched company has about 5000 employees and is therefore an organization which should rely on delegation of authority to operate the business (Ji-Eun, 2012). There should be an
- [Innovative formulations of MEM models: application to ‘STOXX Balkan 50 Equal Weight’ Index](https://qshr.org/innovative-formulations-of-mem-models-application-to-stoxx-balkan-50-equal-weight-index/) - Visar MALAJ & Vincenzo GENTILE Abstract In this paper, we investigate some innovative experimental extensions of the multiplicative error model, introduced by Engle (2002) for positive valued processes and specified as the product of a conditionally autoregressive scale factor and an innovation process with positive support. We suggest a flexible MEM specification in which the process for realized volatility can be
- [Pranime](https://qshr.org/pranime/) - Shkarkoni template-in për të marrë udhëzimet se si duhet ta përgatisni materialin tuaj. Kushtojini vëmendje pasi materiali që ju do të praraqisni duhet të respektojë udhëzimet që janë dhënë në template. Për pranimin e materialit tuaj në versionin përfundimtar, kriteret e më poshtme merren në shqyrtim: Kritere të shkruhet në gjuhën angleze; abstrakti me më
- [Aktivitete](https://qshr.org/aktivitete/) - Aktivitete nga QSHR. Konferenca, takime dhe udhëtime
- [Human Relations and Work Adjustment](https://qshr.org/human-relations-and-work-adjustment/) - Fetije GJAKU-MURTURI, Mustafë MURTURI Abstract Actions or situations that place physical or psychological demands on people over time will cause stress. Both physical and mental stresses are required for normal and healthy growth and moderate amounts in the workplace can increase productivity. But if not managed properly, stress can eventually lead to burnout as well as
- [Development of the System on Public Financial Management in Albania. Performance and Challenges](https://qshr.org/development-of-the-system-on-public-financial-management-in-albania-performance-and-challenges/) - Ariana KONOMI, Rajmonda BIRACI, Alda TAKA Abstract The management of public finance with efficiency and effectiveness has been a continuous concern for all the levels of governance in the western countries, but nowadays it’s also a reflection which is increasing from the other states being under development including Albania. From the Albanian point of view, the
- [Information Technology into Business and Economical Growth](https://qshr.org/information-technology-into-business-and-economical-growth/) - Burim MEHMETI, Lum GJIKOLLI Abstract Nowadays business schools are thinking about developing new leaders for the digital economy. Are there any principle that we can apply to thinking about the technological reforms to enable new potentials regarding business and society. What we will present in this seminar is the business-centric framework on which we will analyze
- [Development of Higher Education Private Institutions in Correspondence to EU Requirements](https://qshr.org/development-of-higher-education-private-institutions-in-correspondence-to-eu-requirements/) - Besa SHAHINI, Yllka AZEMI Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to identify the “Development of Higher Education Private Institutions in correspondence to European Union requirements”. This project will employ Republic of Kosovo as the case study, with special attention to the private higher education institutions. This research is focused on the internal quality assessment
- [Financial – Economic Crisis in European Countries](https://qshr.org/financial-economic-crisis-in-european-countries/) - Zamira VEIZI, Drita LUZO, Irena BOBOLI, Jonida AVDULAJ Abstract The economic crisis that began in 2007-2008 was as predictable as inevitable too. This crisis marked a turning point after several decades of deep development. This crisis has given effects mainly in financial terms and therefore the goal of this paper is to give some thoughts about
- [The Challenges of Regional Development in Albania in Terms of Country’s Integration into EU](https://qshr.org/the-challenges-of-regional-development-in-albania-in-terms-of-countrys-integration-into-eu/) - Alketa BEJKO, Arjola MITAJ, Daniela QIQI Abstrakt Regional development issues for several years have been an important problem discussed from regional and local experts in the framework of national economic developments but also in the context of our country’s integration into the European Union. Especially today, in view of significant differences and inequalities existence, regarding the
- [Which Are the Direction of Recovery and Encouraging of Economic Growth? Case of Albania, Croatia and FYROM](https://qshr.org/which-are-the-direction-of-recovery-and-encouraging-of-economic-growth-case-of-albania-croatia-and-fyrom/) - Lorena Pashollari Abstract The recovery of economy is the most important issue for the moment, especially for the Balkan countries. The spreading of the crisis followed the predictable pattern whereby the lack of financing meant slower development, lower demand in the world market meant shrinking exports, while decreased output meant lower public revenues. Being that the
- [Financial Resources, Waste Management Cost Recovery and Its Risks: Case of Albania](https://qshr.org/financial-resources-waste-management-cost-recovery-and-its-risks-case-of-albania/) - Oriana ARAPI, Manjola DULI, Eralb ARAPI Abstract Waste management is becoming increasingly important for Albania, while approaching towards the EU membership. It is a decentralized function, hence responsibility for service delivery is delegated to the lowest level of governance: to the local government units (LGUs). The sector is characterized by the lack of efficiency in service
- [Basel Accords: The Effect Pre and Post Crisis in South Eastern Countries](https://qshr.org/basel-accords-the-effect-pre-and-post-crisis-in-south-eastern-countries/) - Erjola BARBULLUSHI (SAKTI), Eljona MUCA Abstract Financial institutions play a crucial role as they represent the heart which supplies the economy with blood. Nowadays all people all around the world use bank products and services. Since they are so important for a country`s economy, they must go under some restrictions and limitations relating to the capital
- [Development of Internal Audit in Non-Banking Private Institutions, Albanian Case](https://qshr.org/development-of-internal-audit-in-non-banking-private-institutions-albanian-case/) - Nevila KIRI Abstract An effective internal audit creates value to the organization in various ways. The main aim of this paper is to evidence in reality the voluntary use of internal audit by Albanian non-banking private companies and to identify factors that lead these growing companies to have an internal audit department. In the case, where
- [Comparison of Some Key Indicators of Banking System of Western Balkan Countries](https://qshr.org/comparison-of-some-key-indicators-of-banking-system-of-western-balkan-countries/) - Denada HAFIZI, Irjan BUSHI Abstract The current global economic crisis has affected the development of banking system in Western Balkan countries. Its impact has been expressed with the contraction of lending, fallen of foreign direct investments, fallen of international trade, and fallen of the volume of remittances. This paper aims to present an overview of some
- [Financing and Facilitating Business Loan-Making Process: A Case Study with SME-s in Albania](https://qshr.org/financing-and-facilitating-business-loan-making-process-a-case-study-with-sme-s-in-albania/) - Albana LILA Abstract Albania was the last of the central and eastern European countries to embark on free market. SMEs are considered very important to economic growth and considerably essential to generate employment. As almost every business, SMEs need money to start and to grow further in its industry. This study is intended as a
- [Demand for Housing Loans in Albania](https://qshr.org/demand-for-housing-loans-in-albania/) - Iris SHAHINI Abstract Demand for residential mortgages has been the subject of many discussions in the literature. The demand for homes will in turn depend on home prices and the cost of alternative house arrangement. The ability of the consumers to buy should be reflected in their personal income and the already existing burden of
- [The Optimal Capital Structure in Albanian Business](https://qshr.org/the-optimal-capital-structure-in-albanian-business/) - Ingrid KONOMI Abstract Albanian financial system is characterized by a small number of financial mediators who remain regular providers of financial funds. Lack of financial market in Albania has resulted in a lack of alternative funding sources. Banks, investment funds, credit unions remain the only source of funds to finance the investment. This enhances the
- [Microfinance Impact and Evaluation](https://qshr.org/microfinance-impact-and-evaluation/) - Egerta MARKU Abstract “Microfinance” is often defined as financial services for poor and low-income clients offered by different types of service providers. More broadly, microfinance refers to a movement that envisions a world in which low-income households have permanent access to a range of high quality and affordable financial services offered by a range of
- [Venture Capital as a New Dimension of Financial Intermediation. The Possibilities of It’s Application in Albania](https://qshr.org/venture-capital-as-a-new-dimension-of-financial-intermediation-the-possibilities-of-its-application-in-albania/) - Lorena BALILI Abstract The central focus of this paper are the private investment funds, and especially venture capital, as one of the most common investment options connected with the state of our economic development and financial stability. Initially, the study will be extended to the analysis of legislative and regulatory framework in Albania regarding these
- [The Impact of Regulatory Environment on Business Activity (Efforts to Establish a Ria System)](https://qshr.org/the-impact-of-regulatory-environment-on-business-activity-efforts-to-establish-a-ria-system/) - Dorina KOÇI (JANKU), Edlira LUÇI Abstract The main purpose of this paper is, to offer a comparative analysis of reforms undertaken by different European countries (especially Balkan countries), through an interpreter and descriptive analysis using the data set provided by Doing Business Report (2013) in order to evaluate the position of Albania towards its neighbors.
- [The Influence of Net Exports on the Economic Growth of Albania](https://qshr.org/the-influence-of-net-exports-on-the-economic-growth-of-albania/) - Filloreta MADANI, Oltiana MUHARREMI Abstract Economic growth is often seen as an increase in GDP. There are a number of important factors related to the financial sector that directly affect the GDP. One of the most important factors affecting GDP is Net exports. Albania’s trade balance is negative. The European Union countries are Albania’s main trading
- [Impact of Methodology Improvements in the Estimation of Imports at Constant Prices](https://qshr.org/impact-of-methodology-improvements-in-the-estimation-of-imports-at-constant-prices/) - Eglantina ZYKA, Elena MYFTARAJ (TOMORI), Ledjon SHAHINI Abstract This paper explores the possibility of producing an alternative approach to estimate imports of goods at constant prices in case of Albania in the absence of imported prices indices. The objective is to produce specific unit values indices at the product level. Unit values indices are frequently
- [Tearing Down the Schengen Wall](https://qshr.org/tearing-down-the-schengen-wall/) - Bora ISAKU, Anxhela HAXHI Abstract The end of the visa requirement was greeted as evidence that the EU considered the Western Balkans part of Europe. The scope of this paperwork is the estimation of the visa liberalisation effects on the Western Balkan countries and also the estimation of the challenges that accompanied the process. This
- [Comparative Analysis of Fiscal Legislation and the New Geography of Sustainable Economic Development](https://qshr.org/comparative-analysis-of-fiscal-legislation-and-the-new-geography-of-sustainable-economic-development/) - Klodian MUCO, Jonida QENDRO, Ermonela RUSPI Abstract With the emergence of globalization phenomenon, liberalization of exchanges and movement of productive factors within an integrated economic area, different countries within this particular area will tend to strengthen the competitiveness between them, to benefit the advantages of this integration and to increase the welfare of individuals living
- [Vat Refunds: A Review of Albanian Experience](https://qshr.org/vat-refunds-a-review-of-albanian-experience/) - Gledia KOKOSHI, Xheni GJOKRUSHI Abstract Competitiveness pertains to the ability and performance of a firm to sell and supply goods and services in a given market. Survival in the market is one of the fundamental problems of business which operates locally or globally, which means every effort has to be made to reduce the cost
- [Are Political Budget Cycles Present in Albania?](https://qshr.org/are-political-budget-cycles-present-in-albania/) - Gentjan ÇERA, Aina Gegprifti
- [Progressive vs. Flat: A Comparative Analysis Between Albania And Usa for Personal Income Taxation](https://qshr.org/progressive-vs-flat-a-comparative-analysis-between-albania-and-usa-for-personal-income-taxation/) - Ilir BINAJ Abstract Personal income tax has become an important part of the Albania’s revenue system. Revenue from personal income tax was more than 27.9 billion ALL for the year of 2011 which makes up a 3% increase when compared to the previous year. This paper compares and contrasts Albanian and American income tax systems
- [Trade Gravity, Diversification and Correlation Relationship Between Albania and Balkans’ Countries](https://qshr.org/trade-gravity-diversification-and-correlation-relationship-between-albania-and-balkans-countries/) - Arta ASLLANI Abstract Foreign trade developments constitute an important component of the overall economic development in general and in the external sector, in particular. Foreign trade is particularly critical to the economies of small dimensions as our country. In the economic field, trade liberalization has become one of the key instruments to promote regional cooperation
- [Measurement of Fiscal Vulnerability From Natural Disasters – The Case of Albania](https://qshr.org/measurement-of-fiscal-vulnerability-from-natural-disasters-the-case-of-albania/) - Gerdi LITO Abstract Natural disasters bring destruction and severe effects in the countries they hit. In small countries like Albania, where the insurance market is underdeveloped, the main role in absorbing disaster effects is often responsibility of the government. In this approach, the government is exposed from a fiscal point of view to the risk
- [What Do We Know About Debt? A Literature Review](https://qshr.org/what-do-we-know-about-debt-a-literature-review/) - Inida NOGA, Edmond ÇERA, Teuta MUSARAJ
- [The Risk of Choice of the Optimal Fiscal Structure](https://qshr.org/the-risk-of-choice-of-the-optimal-fiscal-structure/) - Shpresa CELA, Sherif BUNDO Abstract The fiscal structure of Albania has been emotionally experienced and with high intensity, especially in period of political electoral. Which is the most suitable tax structure for Albania? Are tax structures a result of an analytical study? Is the choice of the tax structure connected to cultural, psychological and social
- [Balkan Countries: Are They Poor? Under Development or Developed Countries](https://qshr.org/balkan-countries-are-they-poor-under-development-or-developed-countries/) - Anila BOSHNJAKU, Jola HIMCI KEPI Abstract The Balkan countries have witnesses a long histroy, experiencing social, eonomic and political changes. After wars and communism regime collapse the Balkan countries have struggle for social, economic and political reconstruction. Some countries such as Slovenia, Greece, Rumania, Bulgaria and Croatia became member of European Union and they were clasified
- [Contagion in the Albanian Euro Denominated Sovereign Debt](https://qshr.org/contagion-in-the-albanian-euro-denominated-sovereign-debt/) - Rezart ERINDI, Nertila XHELILI Abstract The sovereign debt crisis has been one of the moving forces in the financial markets in the last couple of years. We have seen how countries in the Eurozone and further in the European Union have suffered the contagion, consequence of globalization and borderless financial systems. While there is evidence that

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://qshr.org/category/uncategorized/)
- [Blog](https://qshr.org/category/blog/) - Në këtë faqe do të gjeni materiale diskutimi, artikuj dhe komente për çështje në fokus të QSHR.
- [Njoftime](https://qshr.org/category/njoftime/) - Ndiqni njoftimet tona.

## Tags

- [diskutim](https://qshr.org/tag/diskutim/)
- [tatim](https://qshr.org/tag/tatim/)
- [taksa](https://qshr.org/tag/taksa/)
- [politikë fiskale](https://qshr.org/tag/politike-fiskale/)
- [ekonomi](https://qshr.org/tag/ekonomi/)
- [strategji](https://qshr.org/tag/strategji/)
- [tatim progresiv](https://qshr.org/tag/tatim-progresiv/)
- [tatim i sheshtë](https://qshr.org/tag/tatim-i-sheshte/)
- [përgjegjësi](https://qshr.org/tag/pergjegjesi/)
- [dëm ekonomi](https://qshr.org/tag/dem-ekonomi/)
- [financa publike](https://qshr.org/tag/financa-publike/)
- [shkarkim nga puna](https://qshr.org/tag/shkarkim-nga-puna/)
- [barrë buxhetore](https://qshr.org/tag/barre-buxhetore/)
- [sistem gjyqësor](https://qshr.org/tag/sistem-gjyqesor/)
- [liri ekonomike](https://qshr.org/tag/liri-ekonomike/)
- [treg](https://qshr.org/tag/treg/)
- [pronë private](https://qshr.org/tag/prone-private/)
- [risk politik](https://qshr.org/tag/risk-politik/)
- [Financë](https://qshr.org/tag/finance/)
- [kontabilitet](https://qshr.org/tag/kontabilitet/)
- [standarde kontabilitet](https://qshr.org/tag/standarde-kontabilitet/)
- [SKK](https://qshr.org/tag/skk/)
- [IFRS](https://qshr.org/tag/ifrs/)
- [puna](https://qshr.org/tag/puna/)
- [COVID19](https://qshr.org/tag/covid19/)
- [Shqipëria](https://qshr.org/tag/shqiperia/)